Sigmund Freud defined trauma as “an experience which within a short period of time presents the mind with an increase of stimulus too powerful to be dealt with or worked off in the normal way.” The subject represses the traumatic experience, and it is only in dreams and nightmares that it continues to enter into consciousness. Pain is expressed in surrealistic, dream-like, and seemingly absurd images.There is a kind of art that can be described as the “aesthetics of trauma,” which visualizes things that have been repressed or are depraved, exposing painful wishes, desires, and dreams. Cindy Sherman, Gregory Crewdson, Paul McCarthy, and Pavel Althamer exemplify this tendency. Dream and Trauma presents many impressive works by these and other artists from the collection of Dakis Joannou, who founded the Deste Foundation for Contemporary Art in Athens.Featured artists (selection):Pavel Althamer, Maurizio Cattelan, Paul Chan, Nigel Cooke, Gregory Crewdson, Marcel Dzama, Olafur Eliasson, Urs Fischer, Anna Gaskell, Robert Gober, Matt Greene, Jeff Koons, William Kentridge, Paul McCarthy, Tim Noble/Sue Webster, Chris Ofili, Cindy Sherman, Kiki Smith, Nari Ward, Ralf Ziervogel, and others Kunsthalle Wien and MUMOK, Museum Moderner Kunst Stiftung Ludwig Wien, Vienna, June 29–October 4,  2007