In radical Modernism, reality and real things replaced everything that had been painted before its advent—meaning everything that had only been depicted visually—at least according to the thesis put forward by this publication. In response to the way that abstract painting banished the world of objects from art, Marcel Duchamp invented ready-mades. Later, actions or performances took the place of painted portraits of real bodies; instead of painted landscapes, there was Land Art; instead of painted still lifes, real objects were exhibited in assemblages or installations. Based on over four hundred works from the collection at the Neue Galerie Graz, this volume investigates this thesis in eleven chapters: Line – Color – Light – Sound – Motion – Landscape – Still Life – Interior/Furniture Sculptures – Media Reality – Interaction between Work of Art and Observer – Body. Texts by Peter Weibel accompany the images. A chronology of the museum’s exhibition and collection activities supplements the copious illustration section.  Exhibition schedule: Neue Galerie Graz, November 27, 2011–September 2, 2012PETER WEIBEL (* 1944, Odessa) is an internationally known media and conceptual artist, curator, and art and media theoretician. Since the 1960s his work has firmly regarded artistic creativity as an open-ended field of activity. He was head of the ZKM, Karlsruhe until 2020. Since 2017 he has been director of the Peter Weibel Research Institute for Digital Culture at the Universität für angewandte Kunst in Vienna.