During his lifetime, only few people, most of them fellow artists, were aware of the significance of the paintings by Amedeo Modigliani (1884–1920). Today, even the layperson associates the name Modigliani with his unique, elegant, and sensual studies of women. Aside from a handful of landscapes, his oeuvre does indeed consist primarily of stylized female nudes and numerous portraits—including a series of unusual likenesses of his artist friends, such as Jean Cocteau, Diego Rivera, and Pablo Picasso. The selection of attractive paintings in our special edition sheds new light on the myth surrounding the Bohemian artist and reevaluates the unusual position held by his work within the context of classic modern art.